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In Thailand, Grand National Treasure refers to objects that, in the past, were made by the national purse and bestowed by the King to Royal Family members, courtiers and high-ranking officials. The national treasure also includes items that are valuable in terms of history and Thai artistic features. The treasures include regalia, royal decorations, ornaments and Thai coins. These treasures are currently in the custody of the Bureau of Grand National Treasure, The Treasury Department. The national treasures are restored, conserved and displayed for the general public at the Pavilion of Regalia, Royal Decorations and Coins in the Royal Grand Palace. ==Royal Regalia== Regalia symbolize prestige and rank and were also rewards for good services. It was an ancient tradition that the King bestowed regalia on members of the royal family, courtiers and officials, according to their rank and status. The recipients would display regalia during important royal ceremonies and on special occasions. The bestowing of regalia was later revised after the royal decorations were established during the Bangkok period to signify rank and prestige. The regalia was then bestowed only on high-ranking members of the royal family as symbols of their status and as components of the Chulachom Klao decorations. Types of Regalia are classified into seven categories: 1. Regalia for prosperity This type of regalia was bestowed for prosperity as well as for the purpose of reminding the recipients to perform their duties with righteousness and prudence. The Regalia for Prosperity includes items such as the Ceremonial Gold Chain, the amulet chain, the 108 gold beaded rosary and nine gems ring. 2. Headgear Headgear was conferred only to members of the royal family and high-ranking couriers. Headgear includes items such as the Royal Crown and Pointed Crown (for bestowing on the King’s sons), various types of decorated hats, namely”Phra Mala Sao Soong” (for bestowing on royal children of Chao Fah title), The “Sao Satern Hat” (for male courtiers with the Chao Phraya title), and “Song Prabhas Hat” (for officials of the equivalent rank to a town governor). 3. Attires Attire was presented to those who performed duties as the King’s representatives as well as to those who served well in war. There are different types of garments, such as blouses, robes, gowns and trousers. 4. Weapons of rank Weapons of rank were presented to male courtiers and male officials for exploits in war. These Weapons of rank are considered to be the highest honor given to recipients. They include items such as swords, daggers, long handled swords, lances and guns. 5. Royal Paraphernalia Set The Royal Paraphernalia Set is made up of personal utensils of the monarch for daily use which were bestowed on members of the royal family, courtiers and officials, both male and female. The Royal Paraphernalia Set includes items such as betel nut tray sets, betel nut boxes, spittoons, cylindrical kettles and water pitchers. 6. Umbrellas of state, sunshades, fans and flags These items were presented for use as symbols of the recipient’s rank during important ceremonies. There are various kinds of umbrellas, including Chatra, Klod, Suppathon, and Kanching, sunshades (called “Bangsoon” and “Bangsaek”), a whip of yak hair (“Chamorn”), a palm leaf fan (called “Phatbok”), and flags. 7. Vehicles Vehicles were presented to royalty and noblemen for their convenience and to signify their rank. These vehicles included a stretcher (called “Salieng”), a palanquin (called “Krae Kanya”), and a barge (called “Rua Kanya”). 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Grand National Treasure」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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